Giving proofs from various aḥādīth, the Shaykh explains that the fundamentals and principles of Islām consist of two matters: encouraging the people to practice tawḥīd, as well as warning against and making takfīr of those who participate in shirk. He then emphasizes the severity of this major sin, stating that it nullifies all of one’s actions, regardless of the intention. Contrastingly, the Shaykh describes the benefits of tawḥīd, mentioning that it is not only the sole route to Paradise, but also that the people of tawḥīd are from the happiest in this world.

He then discusses the necessity of maintaining good character when dealing with people, mentioning that one should refute incorrect ideals with aḥādīth and good manners. In an effort to denounce the ideas of the Khawārij, the Shaykh also emphasizes that oppression, regardless of religion, is ḥarām. Furthermore, he discusses the various rights of one’s neighbours, as well as their relatives.

The Shaykh then introduces us to the various characteristics of the people of hypocrisy, so that we may better identify them. He states that they hold the following characteristics: breaking promises and agreements, not fulfilling appointments, and arguing rudely.

In order to emphasize the importance of these fundamentals and principles, the Shaykh ends the talk by stating that those who seek to refute the preceding statements are not representative of the Muslims.

Translated by: Ḥasan al-Ṣumālī