As for Shirk in desires and intentions, then it is a sea which has not shore, very few are saved from drowning in it.
Why Study Such a Topic?
Shaykh Ṣāliḥ Ibn Sa’d al-Suḥaymī says:
‘‘Shirk (associating others with Allāh) is the greatest sin by which Allāh the Mighty and Majestic is disobeyed, and its danger is severe, and it is more hidden than the crawling of an ant. So due to that, it becomes stipulated upon every Muslim to have knowledge of Shirk until he becomes safe from it, to be upon a clear path concerning its affair, and to fortify himself from falling into it. &nbs…
Linguistically, Tawḥīd means oneness, and its religious meaning is to single out Allāh in worship.
The Division of Tawḥīd into Two Types
Al-’Allāmah ’Abdur-Raḥmān Ibn Ḥasan (d.1285H) said:
“Tawḥīd is of two types: Tawḥīd of knowledge (maʿrifah) and affirmation (ithbaat) and it is the Tawḥīd of Rubūbiyyah (Lordship) and Asmāʾa wa-al-Ṣifāt (the Names and Attributes of Allāh). Then there is the Tawḥīd in actions (talab) and intentions (qasd) and it is the Tawḥīd of Ulūhiyyah (divinity) and ʿibādah (worship).”1
Imām Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah (d.751H) said:
“As for the Tawḥīd which the Messen…
This ḥadīth establishes that the imamate of women and their praying in congregation is correct and affirmed by means of the order of the Messenger of Allāh (ﷺ).
577) Umm Waraqah, the daughter of Nawfal reported, “When the Prophet (ﷺ) proceeded for Badr I said to him, ‘Messenger of Allāh allow me to accompany you in the battle. I shall act as a nurse for your patients and maybe Allāh will bestow martyrdom upon me.’ He replied, ‘stay at your home and Allāh the Exalted will bestow martyrdom upon you.’ [The narrator said: hence she was called a martyr.] She read the Qurʾān and sought permission…
In reality the ḥadīth is not legislating the times of the prayers, but it is an open disapproval of knowingly and consciously delaying the prayers from their times.
Imām Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn al-AlbānīSayyid Sābiq says in Fiqh a-Sunnah, in his section on the time of ʿIshāʾ Prayer:
‘‘…And as for the time of ʿIshāʾ Prayer then it extends until the time of Fajr, and this is understood from the ḥadīth of Abū Qatādah who said that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Negligence (regarding the prayer) is not from oversleeping, but negligence is found with the one who does not pray (while consci…
This was done by Abū Saʿīd to the slave who wished to pass in front of him – he pushed him back by pushing his chest – then when the slave returned he pushed him back with more force as occurs in al-Bukhārī and others.
‘Nayl al-Awṭār’ [3/5-6] of with slight summary.
From Ibn ʿUmar, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “when one of you is praying then do not let anyone pass in front of him, and if he refuses then fight him for indeed he has a companion [i.e. a shayṭān] with him.” Reported by Aḥmad, Muslim and Ibn Mājah.
From Abū Saʿīd who said: I heard the Messenger of Allāh (ﷺ) saying, “When one…
To place them on the chest is what is proven in the Sunnah, and all that is contrary to it is either ḍaʿīf or totally baseless.
Below is a translation from ‘Tuhfatul Aḥwadhī bi sharḥ Jāmiʿ al-Tirmidhī’ by al-Mubārakfūrī, on the issue of where to place one’s hands in prayer, (vol. 2, pp. 74+)
[Start of Quote from al-Tirmidhī]
“Chapter: what occurs with regards to placing the right hand upon the left in prayer
‘….and some of them were of the opinion that you place them above the navel, and some below the navel. And all of this was flexible according to them.’
[End of quote from al-T…
And the answer is that there is no evidence in it for forbidding raising of the hands at specific places in the prayer and at specific times, and that is at the rukuʿ and rising from it.
Al-ʿAllāmah Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Mubārakfūrī
On Raising the Hands in Prayer (Part 1)
[Start of quote from At-Tirmidhī ‘…’ indicates the omission of isnād]
Chapter 189 – Raising Hands at Ruku’
255: …From Saalim from his father (ibn ʿUmar) who said,
“I saw the Messenger of Allāh ﷺ raise his hands up to his shoulders when he started the prayer, and when he went into ruku` and when he raised his h…
So if the heart is submissive, the eyes, ears, head, face, and the rest of the limbs are submissive; the same goes for whatever emanates from them, to the extent that it reaches the speech
al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn Rajab
As for becoming accustomed to talking to one another in a language other than Arabic, which is the symbol of Islām and the language of the Qurʾān, so that this becomes a habit in the land, with one’s family and household members, with one’s friends, in the marketplace, when addressing government representatives or authority figures or when speaking to people of knowledge, undoubtedly this is makrūh (disliked), because it involves being like the non-Arabs, which is makrūh, as stated previously.
Hence when the early Muslims went to live in Syria and Egypt, where the people spoke Byzantine Greek…
